Shelduck

Shelduck, common shelduck — © Zveriki.com, AI-generated image based on the original work of MPF, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International
Length
520–650 mm
Lifespan
6794–11323 days 19–31 years
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shelduck-common-shelduck
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shelduck, common shelduck
Tadorna tadorna
The shelduck is a large bird from the duck family. It has bright black-and-white plumage with a rufous stripe on the chest, a red bill, and a habit of nesting in burrows.
The shelduck differs from other ducks by its habit of nesting in mammal burrows and bright coloration. It is important for nature because it eats many invertebrates and serves as prey for predators.
pecking from the ground and filtering water with the beak
trophic:omnivore
#fefefe
Mass (egg)
65–85 g
Mass (chick)
50–350 g
Mass (fledgling)
600–950 g
Mass (adult waterfowl, male)
950–1300 g
Mass (adult waterfowl, female)
800–1100 g
Length (adult waterfowl, male)
580–650 mm
Length (fledgling)
400–550 mm
Length (chick)
150–250 mm
Length (adult waterfowl, female)
520–600 mm
Wingspan
1120 mm
Height
120–3600 mm
Lifespan maximum
9058 days 24 years 10 months
Theoretical lifespan
4851–6237 days 13–17 years
Litter size
7–12
Maturity
730–850 days 2 years
Offspring
7–12
Repro interval
365 days 1 year
Wings count (adult waterfowl)
2
Legs count (adult waterfowl)
2
Bill count (adult waterfowl, male)
1
Wings size (adult waterfowl)
0.95–1.1 mm
Bill size (adult waterfowl, male)
42–48 mm
Comparable in mass
Melon
Biome
Taiga
Biome
River estuary into the sea
Biome
Temperate mixed forest
Biome
Flooded grasslands
Realm
Marine world
Realm
Palearctic realm
Realm
Freshwater
Landscape
freshwater
Landscape
lakes and ponds
Landscape
freshwater marsh and wetlands
Landscape
marine
Landscape
marine coastal
Landscape
terrestrial
Landscape
terrestrial forest
Climate
Warm summer and lots of rain
Climate
Always very wet
Climate
Pleasant summer
Climate
Lots of rain and cool summer
Climate
Warm summer
Food environment
terrestrial
Food environment
aquatic
Shelter
burrow
Trophic type
omnivore
6793.650000000001
11322.75
4851.171051260735
6237.219923049517
520.0
650.0
pecking
Worker
Were {name} like {animal}, then:
birth time
Picking small food items from foliage, ground, or other surfaces.
Dogs, dolphins, lynx hang out for 9-25 years and party on their birthday three times a year
m
Map
will celebrate their {n} birthday
g
t
When your next jubilee falls in {name} life years
Human
Legs count
days
Warm summer
worms
Bill count
How old you would be if you lived as {name}
crustaceans
Theoretical maximum lifespan estimated from the Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) mathematical model. This value reflects a biological potential derived from metabolic parameters, not from direct observation — real recorded lifespans are often significantly shorter.
mollusks
small planktonic crustaceans — copepods, krill
beak
adult waterfowl
Maturity
plant
Melon
insects
About health
marine coastal
When your next birthday would fall if you lived as {name}
Repro interval
results
pecking from the ground and filtering water with the beak
summer warm, winter not very cold
Colors
Sex
Upcoming jubilees
Gremllins
mo
Uses an excavated underground tunnel or chamber for refuge or nesting.
all seas and oceans
Trophic type
Filters
Palearctic realm
Upcoming birthdays
standing fresh waters — lakes, ponds, oxbow lakes
Truly long lives: 40-100 years. Bowhead whales, albatrosses, giant tortoises recall their birthday at most once a year
Lifespan
Height
rains almost always, very humid
Age (from birth to death)
most of Europe and Asia, various forests, steppes and tundra
Wanderers
algae
Wings size
Jubilee = every 10th birthday
More:
Earliest developmental stage inside an egg or womb.
Business sausages
Lifespan average
fledgling
Juvenile stage following larval metamorphosis but not yet adult.
What do they look like?
Maturity
emergence (insects)
end of lifespan
Wings color
How do they live?
fertilization / egg laying
How do they behave?
birth / hatching
metamorphosis / end of larval stage
end of acceleration
Share
swampy freshwater biotopes — peat bogs, marshes, river mangroves
live snails, mussels, oysters
Find a pet...
Mature, fully developed individual capable of reproduction.
gleaning
where the river flows into the sea, slightly salty water, lots of fish and birds
Pets
Repeatedly strikes or probes substrate with beak to obtain food.
Lots of rain and cool summer
Feeding occurs primarily on land or in vegetation.
{name} jubilee
cm
Old-timers
Find an animal or breed...
Wingspan
turns
Rascals
terrestrial forest
Flooded grasslands
Litter size
Map data sources: Ecosystem classification — IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology (Keith et al., 2022), indicative distribution maps Keith et al. (2020), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3546513; Large Marine Ecosystems — NOAA LME Program; Bathymetry — GEBCO Bathymetric Compilation Group (2026), GEBCO_2026 Grid, https://doi.org/10.5285/4f68d5c7-45eb-f999-e063-7086abc036fa; Climate data — Generated using Copernicus Climate Change Service information; Species occurrence data — GBIF.org, Derived dataset "all animals", https://zveriki.com/dataset/dataset.tsv; Terrestrial ecoregions — RESOLVE Ecoregions 2017 (Dinerstein et al., 2017), CC BY 4.0
How to care for them?
Living from 25 to 40 years. Orangutans, bald eagles, African elephants celebrate their birthday twice a year
grazing
°C
Not specified
Share
Actively searching habitats to locate food items.
Where are they found?
from 0.8 to 1.2 kilograms, 0.6 – 1.2 meters
all rivers and lakes
lots of rain, cool summer, snow in winter
Feeds by cropping or nibbling low-growing vegetation or algae.
Locomotion through water employed while searching for or capturing prey.
Legendary longevity: over 100 years. Galapagos tortoises, Greenland sharks, ocean quahogs celebrate with family once every 4 years
Offspring
Elders
Bro
lakes and ponds
freshwater marsh and wetlands
Taxons
if born as {name}
omnivore
Wings count
age
birth date
swimming
Palearctic realm
Close
was
Career from 7 to 15 months. Dwarf hamsters, voles, field crickets celebrate their birthday twice a month
The basics
My weight?
Non-stop carnival: they only live a few days. Mayflies, rotifers, midges celebrate their birthday more than twice a day
primary food sources
burrow
Potential Habitat
d
In husbandry
On the go from 1.3 to 3.5 years. Forest mice, anoles, rainbow fish party on their birthday once a month
Feeding occurs in water bodies such as rivers, lakes, or oceans.
Mass
cold winter, lots of coniferous trees: spruce, pine
Mosquitoes, fruit flies, small crustaceans hustle for up to 7 months and throw a birthday party every week
terrestrial
aquatic
{name} birthday
live annelid worms
Link copied
No results found
On the map
Pleasant summer
all life stages
Female ♀
Down feathers color
Map data sources: Ecosystem classification — IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology (Keith et al., 2022), indicative distribution maps Keith et al. (2020), https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3546513; Large Marine Ecosystems — NOAA LME Program; Bathymetry — GEBCO Bathymetric Compilation Group (2026), GEBCO_2026 Grid, https://doi.org/10.5285/4f68d5c7-45eb-f999-e063-7086abc036fa; Climate data — Generated using Copernicus Climate Change Service information; Species occurrence data — GBIF.org, Derived dataset "all animals", https://zveriki.com/dataset/dataset.tsv; Terrestrial ecoregions — RESOLVE Ecoregions 2017 (Dinerstein et al., 2017), CC BY 4.0 Potential habitat modelled from GBIF occurrence data. Map © Zveriki.com, licensed under CC BY 4.0.
birth year
Maturity
steppe
terrestrial habitat, land surface outside water
sq mm
yr
comfortable summer, +20…+25 °C
How similar?
Male ♂
until the celebration
chick
age as {name}
How do they breed?
On the go from 3.5 to 6 years. Hedgehogs, crows, lizards treat themselves to birthday snacks 6 times a year
Legs color
What if eaten?
Neither
from birth to adulthood
Young offspring still dependent on parental care.
What do they eat?
Where do they live?
Immature individual that has not yet reached reproductive maturity.
Marine world
Plumage color
forests on land — tropical, temperate, boreal
water often floods the land, lots of grass
River estuary into the sea
Freshwater
Temperate mixed forest
Duration
live insects
saline marine habitat
This is me
most of Europe and Asia, various forests, steppes and tundra
freshwater
Always very wet
Gamers
aquatic plants and algae
How are they built?
marine
shallow near the shore, water rises and falls, crabs live here
mm
Theoretical lifespan
ml
Stars
Link copied
coastal marine zone — shelf, neritic zone
My age?
wk
My size?
terrestrial
Taiga
Asexual
swap
freshwater environment — rivers, lakes, ponds, swamps
Bill size
Who among us will transform as if by magic and become like {animal}?
Rabbits, falcons, red-eared turtles hang out for 6-9 years and party on their birthday four times a year
Where do they take shelter?
Warm summer and lots of rain
celebrated their {n} birthday
When you would have been born if you lived as {name}
Littoral Zone
Daddies
Lifespan maximum
foraging
Hermaphrodite ⚥
egg
Hard, projecting mouthpart used to probe, pluck, or crack food.
summer warm, many oaks, birches, maples
Length
kg
lots of rain, warm and pleasant summer
Bill color
Observations
◉{N} more on tap
chick
pupa
imago
young bird
shelduck-common-shelduck
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shelduck-common-shelduck
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qiao-bi-ma-ya
  • The common shelduck is at risk of hybridization with any members of the genus Tadorna, as well as with geese, swans, and domestic ducks when in mixed flocks.
  • The common shelduck can live up to 24 years in captivity, which significantly exceeds its natural lifespan in the wild.
  • After the breeding season, adult common shelducks molt and migrate to large water bodies, forming flocks of up to 100,000 individuals temporarily unable to fly.
  • The minimum enclosure size for a pair of common shelducks cannot be less than 100 square meters. This is necessary to ensure normal growth, reproduction, and the survival of the young.
  • Providing common shelduck ducklings access to short-grass pasture from an early age ensures their rapid growth and maximum survival rate.
  • Common shelducks easily adapt to life in enclosures, grow well, and regularly produce healthy offspring, which both parents care for.
  • Male common shelducks begin breeding at 4–5 years old, while females start at 2 years old. This distinguishes them from many other birds, where males usually reach sexual maturity later.
  • The male common shelduck, defending its nest or brood, may attack large predators, mammals, and even humans. This behavior occurs during the breeding season.
  • The female common shelduck may incubate up to 32 chicks, including eggs laid by other birds, and she incubates the clutch alone for 29–31 days.

Age

  • The common shelduck can live up to 24 years in captivity, which significantly exceeds its natural lifespan in the wild.
  • Male common shelducks begin breeding at 4–5 years old, while females start at 2 years old. This distinguishes them from many other birds, where males usually reach sexual maturity later.

Physiology

  • After the breeding season, adult common shelducks molt and migrate to large water bodies, forming flocks of up to 100,000 individuals temporarily unable to fly.

Feeding

  • Providing common shelduck ducklings access to short-grass pasture from an early age ensures their rapid growth and maximum survival rate.

Reproduction

  • The female common shelduck may incubate up to 32 chicks, including eggs laid by other birds, and she incubates the clutch alone for 29–31 days.
  • The common shelduck is at risk of hybridization with any members of the genus Tadorna, as well as with geese, swans, and domestic ducks when in mixed flocks.
  • After the breeding season, adult common shelducks molt and migrate to large water bodies, forming flocks of up to 100,000 individuals temporarily unable to fly.
  • The male common shelduck, defending its nest or brood, may attack large predators, mammals, and even humans. This behavior occurs during the breeding season.

In Husbandry

  • The minimum enclosure size for a pair of common shelducks cannot be less than 100 square meters. This is necessary to ensure normal growth, reproduction, and the survival of the young.
  • Common shelducks easily adapt to life in enclosures, grow well, and regularly produce healthy offspring, which both parents care for.