Kukuvija
- Western barn owls in captivity can live up to 18 years. This significantly exceeds their lifespan in the wild.
- The wings of the western barn owl are structured so that the ends of the flight feathers muffle the sound of flight, making it soft and silent.
- Western barn owls are monogamous birds that form pairs once and for life. This rare behavior among birds.
Старост
The Ural owl is a species with a typical lifespan of from 15 to 25 years, and a maximum of 34 years, with a theoretical lifespan of from 15 years 2 months to 21 years 8 months. Development begins with the "Embryo" stage, when it develops inside an egg and receives nourishment from the yolk. The chick's eyes open at an age of from 1 week 3 days to 1 week 5 days, after which comes the "Chick" stage, when the species is covered in white down, parents feed it captured rodents, it grows rapidly and learns to stand, and the duration of this stage is from 1 day to 2 months. Then comes the "Adult" stage, which lasts from 2 months to 20 years, when the species is capable of reproducing and hunting independently, possessing good eyesight and very accurate hearing. The age of sexual maturity in the species occurs at from 9 months 1 week to 1 year 3 months.
Фенотип
The barn owl has down feathers that are a dense white, which helps retain heat; the adult’s beak is short and strong with a hooked shape, assisting in tearing prey; the adult exhibits asymmetrical ears, enabling precise location of prey by sound; the adult's facial disc is heart-shaped, collecting sounds and directing them to the ears; the adult possesses large, soft wings that allow for nearly silent flight.
Физиологија
The barn owl's body length ranges from 32 to 40 centimeters, with a mass between 285 and 345 grams; its wingspan measures from 0.9 to 1.03 meters. During the embryo stage, the young have a body mass of 15 to 20 grams and a body length of 3 to 4 centimeters. The nestling stage is characterized by a body mass ranging from 20 to 350 grams and a body length of 5 to 25 centimeters. An adult barnowl has a body mass between 300 grams and 0.5 kilograms, and its body length is from 32 to 40 centimeters.
Станиште
The barn owl occupies landscapes of dry land and terrestrial forests, living at elevations up to 2 kilometers. This species inhabits temperate mixed forests with warm summers and many oak, birch, and maple trees, as well as flooded meadows where the ground is frequently inundated with water and there is abundant grass; it also lives in taiga forests characterized by cold winters and numerous coniferous trees such as spruce and pine. The barn owl’s climate preferences include very dry conditions with infrequent rainfall, consistently hot conditions with frequent rain but occasional dryness, perpetually wet conditions with high humidity, a climate of plentiful rain and cool summers with snow in winter, and a climate of plentiful rain and warm, pleasant summers.
Склониште
The barn owl is found in tree cavities, attics of buildings, sheds, and rocks; the species builds or uses nest structures for laying eggs and raising young.
Географија
Barn owls are distributed across six biogeographical realms: Afrotropics, Australasia, Indomalaya, Nearctica, Neotropics, and Palearctics. The species inhabits Celtic broadleaf forests, broadleaf forests of Western Europe, coniferous forests of the Qilian Mountains, Balkan mixed forests, Baltic mixed forests, and coniferous and mixed forests of the Pyrenees.
Храна
The barn owl primarily feeds on small rodents, and its diet also includes voles, rats, mice, small birds, insects, rodents, and even plants. The species hunts using its hearing to locate prey while flying low to the ground, seizing its food with sharp claws. Hunting strategies include active pursuit, ambush, and searching for food. The common barn owl’s daily food requirement ranges from 70 grams to 120 grams. Gray voles and rats are among the species' prey.
Размножавање
The Scops Owl forms permanent pairs, and the female lays eggs directly on the bottom of the shelter; the development of the embryo takes 1 month. The clutch size ranges from 2 to 7 chicks, and the brood can consist of from 4 to 7 individuals. Both parents feed the nestlings, and maturity is reached at an age of from 10 months to 1 year 1 month. The Scops Owl's breeding interval is from 6 months to 1 year.