The rock dove occupies elevations up to 2.5 kilometers above sea level and inhabits biomes including temperate mixed forests with warm summers and many oak, birch, and maple trees, flooded meadows with abundant grass where water frequently covers the ground, and taiga characterized by cold winters and numerous coniferous trees such as spruce and pine. The species’ landscape preference includes terrestrial areas and woodland. The climate varies, encompassing cool summers with temperatures from 15 to 20 degrees Celsius, very hot summers exceeding 25 to 30 degrees Celsius, consistently wet conditions with nearly constant rain and high humidity, a combination of abundant rainfall, warm summers, and snowfall in winter, and winters with significant snow and cold temperatures.