Rock doves are distributed across six biogeographic realms, including Afrotropics, Australasia, Indomalaya, Nearctic, Neotropics, and Palearctic; the species occupies Celtic broadleaf forests, broadleaf forests of Western Europe, Canadian aspen forests and parklands, coniferous forests of Mount Cilia, low-lying forests of the Eastern Great Lakes, and low-lying forests of the Saint Lawrence Bay.